Seaweeds of the British Isles. 1986. Aphotomarine. AU - Mayers, Joshua. Photo credit: “Macroalgae bloom“ by eutrophication&hypoxia, Emily Nauman from Flickr licensed under CC by 2.0. Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential. Observe and draw the thallus morphology of Ulva intestinalis with the naked eye and under the dissecting scope. Botanica Marina 28(9): 383-387. Associated fauna Complex interactions of climatic and ecological controls on macroalgal recruitment. Wahl, M. 1996. Ulva intestinalis is a conspicuous bright grass-green seaweed, consisting of inflated irregularly constricted, tubular fronds that grow from a small discoid base. 276.]. AU - Raikova, Sofia. North East Scotland Biological Records Centre, 2017. Gametogenesis and gamete structure of Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Link. However, populations are greatly reduced or possibly no longer present in the Wolf Creek drainage due to decreased salinity (Marcus et al. Reed, R.H. & Russell, G., 1979. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/esxc9a accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. & Woodhead, P., 1975. Kipp, R.M., M. McCarthy, and A. Fusaro, 2020, Click here for Great Lakes region collection information. Kamer, K., and P. Fong. Worm, and U. Sommer. Manx Biological Recording Partnership, 2018. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. components of Ulva intestinalis along the Swedish coast. 2002. Since it is known that crabs take refuge in alga beds, the question of whether crabs used U. intestinalisfor hiding spots was raised. Species. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Ulva (Enteromorpha) intestinalis are found here. The composition and content of sterol, unsaturated fatty acid, amino acid and mineral in U. rigida and U. intestinalis were analyzed. Blomster, J., Maggs, C.A. The Biology of Rocky Shores. A recent molecular study suggested that the genus Enteromorpha is synonymous with the genus Ulva (Hayden et al., 2003). Y1 - 2020/1/16 Acta Oceanologica, 20, 259-265. Thalli of this species of green alga are yellow green to vibrant or dark green and tubular, hollow, wrinkled, convolute, intestine-like, and crumpled looking. There is little or no evidence to support that Ulva intestinalis has significant socio-economic impacts in the Great Lakes. Catling, P.M., and W.G. Nutrient limitation of the macroalgae Enteromorpha intestinalis collected along a resource gradient in a highly eutrophic estuary. intestinalis. Esch & R.W. Kamer, K., and P. Fong. The effect of two commercial herbicides on the settlement, germination and growth of Enteromorpha. Clark, R.B., 1997. Salinity stress, nitrogen competition, and facilitation: what controls seasonal succession of two opportunistic green macroalgae? Chemical In locations outside of the Great Lakes, the distribution and abundance of U. intestinalis is dependent on salinity and nutrient levels (Kramer and Fong 2000, 2001;Messyasz and Rybak 2011). Marcus, B.A., H.S. Vadas, R.L., Keser, M. & Rusanowski, P.C., 1976. Often found washed up … 2001. ), 1968. Manx Algae. Ulva intestinalis mats can deplete the available oxygen in the water and increase the production of hydrogen sulphide in the sediment, which can cause population declines in other fauna and flora (Bäck et al. Moss, B. 1, No. 2000, Lotze and Worm 2002). Bahram, and A.A.S. Chlorophyta. Parchevskij & Rabinovich (1991) cultivated Ulva intestinalis (as Enteromorpha intestinalis) on horizontally and vertically suspended ropes in coastal Black Sea areas polluted with sewage and waste water effluents. Moss, B.L. Howson, C.M. Occurrence dataset https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-25. Accessed: 2020-12-23. Species of Enteromorpha. Limnology and Oceanography 47(6): 1734-1741. Journal of Phycology 34: 319-340. Hydrobiologia, 195, 119-126. Say, P.J., Burrows, I.G. & Blunden, G., 1991. Fouled snails in flow: potential of epibionts on Littorina littorea to increase drag and reduce snail growth rates. But ambiguity exists because low salinity or salinity shock can induce branching in Ulva intestinalis. American Naturalist, 112, 23-39. 2011. Thalli typically unbranched (see additional information). Lewis, S., May, S., Donkin, M.E. Lewis, S., Handy, R.D., Cordi, B., Billinghurst, Z. AU - Albers, Eva. Acker, B. Floyd Brown, J.R. DePalma & W.P. The influence of UV-B radiation on the reproductive cells of the intertidal macroalga, Enteromorpha intestinalis. Hassan. Hsp70 expression in Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyta) exposed to environmental stressors. information on the biology of species and the ecology of habitats found around the coasts and seas of the British Isles, Photographer: Keith Hiscock  Copyright: Dr Keith Hiscock, Photographer: Judith Oakley  Copyright: Judith Oakley. Hayward, P., Nelson-Smith, T. & Shields, C. 1996. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/ypoair accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-02. Native. Kylin, H., 1917. The effects of some trace metals on marine phytoplankton. Jones, W.E. Merseyside BioBank (unverified). Ulva intestinalis L. Synonyms. U Moss, B., and A. Marsland. In areas where, The light attenuating effects of increased turbidity are likely to impact on the photosynthetic efficiency of, Wave induced scouring and burial of habitats by sand tends to prevent seaweed growth, except for those that are stress tolerant, robust perennials, or opportunistic ephemeral species such as. Ulva lactuca is very common on rocks and on other algae in the littoral and sublittoral on shores all around the British Isles, the coast of France, the Low Countries and up to Denmark. 1984). The MarLIN sensitivity assessment approach used below has been superseded by the MarESA (Marine Evidence-based Sensitivity Assessment) approach (see menu). Watson, D.C., and T.A. Mats of U. intestinalis in England also caused an order of magnitude decrease in abundance of the economically important bivalve Cerastoderma edule (Romano et al. Depledge. ERIC NE Combined dataset to 2017. 2000. The ecological impact of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) in Lough Ine, Ireland. The effect of water velocity on the settlement of swarmers of the green alga Enteromorpha. Chicester: John Wiley & Sons. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/vntgox accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25. & Searles, R.B., 1980. Pringle, J.D. U. prolifera samples were collected in June 2018 from Pyropia rafts (33. Regulations (pertaining to the Great Lakes region) There are no known regulations for this species. Plant species diversity in a marine intertidal community, importance of herbivore food preference and algal competitive abilities. Zimmerman. Isle of Man wildlife records from 01/01/2000 to 13/02/2017. Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Nees, 1820. AlgaeBase. OBIS (Ocean Biogeographic Information System),  2020. Abstract. Marine Environmental Research, 46, 421-424. London: British Museum (Natural History). Marine Biology 98: 467-476. 1993). McAvoy, K.M., and J.L. A fluctuating salinity regime mitigates the negative effects of reduced salinity on the estuarine maroalga, Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) link. 1998). 2002. Occurrence of the marine antifouling agent Irgarol 1051 within the Plymouth Sound locality: implications for the green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis. Burrows, E.M., 1991. Specific growth rate of the seaweed during the spring-summer period was found to be 0.15-0.25 cm/day. Salinity dependent accumulation of Zn, Co and Mn in Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngb.) European Journal of Phycology 38: 277–94. † Populations may not be currently present. Enteromorpha intestinalis) (Linnaeus). littoralis, Ulva intestinalis Received: 26 April 2019 Revised: 20 December 2019 Accepted: 26 February 2020 DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3329 This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any Fronds may be 10-30 cm or more in length and 6-18 mm in diameter, the tips of which are usually rounded. Such a seed bank allowed U. intestinalis to begin growing two months earlier than many native species, enabling it to escape herbivory and nutrient competition. Halophytic plants in southern Ontario. Therefore, in this study the biochemical composition of Ulva intestinalis along the Swedish west coast and the east coast up to Stockholm was assessed with the … Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/xtrbvy accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-27. Dickinson, C.I., 1963. Rice, H., Leighty, D.A. 2000. The effect of salinity on the growth rate of the macroalgae Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyta) in the Mondego estuary (west Portugal). Ecotoxicology, 8, 351-368. Kapraun, D.F. 1998. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/55albd accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-02. Journal of Ecology, 67, 65-77. Swarmer release and distribution of life-cycle phases of Enteromorpha intestinalis Chlorophyta in relation to environmental factors. Names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records. G.W. Large systems like the Great Lakes may experience more negative effects; U. intestinalis typically forms green tides in the Baltic Sea in eutrophic conditions (Alstroem-Rapaport and Leskinen 2002), where it may be associated with food web alterations. 1999, McAvoy and Klug 2005). D., Houston, M. & Montgomery, H.A.C., 1985. Many other intertidal species are often found amongst dense growths of Ulva in deep splash zone pools. AU - Olsson, Joakim. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 300, 513-552. Stress proteins (HSPs): methods of detection and their use as an environmental biomonitor. Worm. The information has not received final approval by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is provided on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information. Blomster, J., C.A. Maggs, and M.J. Stanhope. Smith, J.E. Like most species on the rocky shore, many seaweeds can only be found in a particular zone of the shore. Acta Oecologica 20(4): 259-265. Maggs, and M.J. Stanhope. & McLeod, G.C., 1973. Native Range: Ulva intestinalis is a relatively cosmopolitan species known to form blooms in a diverse range of habitats around the world (Cummins et al. Samples from the Portage River, Ohio are branched. Scarlett, A., Donkin, M.E., Fileman, T.W. Benthic diatoms on green algae in Norway and Faeroe Islands, Scotland, UK. Baeck, S., Lehvo, A. Sea shore of Britain and northern Europe. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/hcgqsi accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-25. Hydrobiologia 545: 1-9. Novel morphology in Enteromorpha (Ulvophyceae) forming green tides. 34 °E) in Qingdao, Shandong, China, were named “P” (Fig. 2). The order of metal toxicity to algae varies, with the algal species and experimental conditions, but generally the order is Hg>Cu>Cd>Ag>Pb>Zn (Rice, There is insufficient information available to make an assessment about the effects of reduced oxygen in the water column upon, No information was found concerning the effects of microbial pathogens on, The benchmark for extraction is the removal of 50% of the, No other species are identified to be host or prey items for. Cordi, B., J. Peloquin, D.N. Vadas, R.L., and B. Beal. Ulva intestinalis provides shelter for the orange harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus brevicornis, and the chironomid larva, Halocladius fucicola (McAllen, 1999). In such conditions, grazing pressure often cannot control massive blooms (Lotze et al. Origin of species name Lake Michigan Field Station, 1431 Beach St., Muskegon, MI 49441-1098 (231) 759-7824 1994. Messyasz, B., and A. Rybak. In Thermal Ecology II, (eds. Ulster Museum Marine Surveys of Northern Ireland Coastal Waters. Note: Check state/provincial and local regulations for the most up-to-date information regarding permits for control methods. McKay. 1999. Marine Ecology Progress Series 138(1-3): 157-168. Individual cells are often relatively round or ovoid but sometimes may be rectangular or polygon-shaped. 2001, Pringle 1986). 1, pp. Fronds are typically unbranched. Isle of Man historical wildlife records 1995 to 1999. Species within the genus Ulva are difficult to identify. Location of Repository Nutritional composition and physicochemical properties of two green seaweeds (Ulva pertusa and U. intestinalis) from the Pattani Bay in Southern Thailand . 1964. Checklists containing Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Nees, 1820. Guiry, M.D. Sinking rates and viability of spores from benthic algae in central Chile. Seaweeds are traditionally used as human food, because they provide nutritional value and a specific taste. In the Gulf of Maine, blooms of novel floating rope forms have colonized the substrate, causing anoxia with the potential to exert negative impacts on bivalve species (Vadas and Beal 1987). 2004) and negatively impact their corresponding communities, as well disrupt feeding by wading birds (Raffaeli et al. They are generally arranged randomly but in some cases can form disorganized rosettes. Exotic species in the Great Lakes: a history of biotic crises and anthropogenic introductions. Like other members of the genus, Ulva intestinalis is a summer annual, decaying and forming masses of bleached white fronds towards the end of the season. 2003. 1985. Development of microsatellite markers in the green algae. Marine Ecology Progress Series 266: 77-87. Taft, C.E. Iverson), 682-690. Green algal ropes: a novel estuarine phenomenon in the Gulf of Maine. & Rabinovich, M.A., 1991. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology 28(1): 25-33. intestinalis, Ulva enteromorpha var. Finally, in conditions of nitrogen scarcity in estuaries and lagoons on the coast of southern California, U. intestinalis can out-compete Ulva expansa (Fong et al. 1984. Available from: Ocean Biogeographic Information System. 1976. Brinsley, and F.J. Staff. Regeneration of Enteromorpha. Botanica Marina, 27, 371-376. Fish, J.D. & Fish, S., 1996. Distribution : Sea Lettuce – Ulva lactuca is a green seaweed / algae found worldwide. Fewer, M. Kiirikki, A. Lehvo, C.A. Occurrence dataset: http://www.ericnortheast.org.uk/home.html accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-38, Fenwick, 2018. Kent Wildlife Trust Shoresearch Intertidal Survey 2004 onwards. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/jca5lo accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. GLEN L. WHEELER, KAREN TAIT, ALISON TAYLOR, COLIN BROWNLEE, IAN JOINT, Acyl‐homoserine lactones modulate the settlement rate of zoospores of the marine alga Ulva intestinalis via a novel chemokinetic mechanism, Plant, Cell & Environment, 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01440.x, 29, 4, (608-618), (2005). NE Scotland fungus and lichen records 1800-2010. 2000. They disperse well, as they are positively phototactic and thus can remain high in the water column, allowing them to be carried far away from parent populations (Hoffman and Camus 1989). London: HarperCollins. Physical There are no known physical control methods for this species. NBIS Records to December 2016. 2004. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/v6mt0g accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. [on-line] http://www.jncc.gov.uk/mermaid. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/lo2tge accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. Mills, E.L., J.H. False northern thread (Pseudothrix borealis) is much narrower (~ 1 mm) than U. intestinalis (~ 5 mm) and typically only reaches about 10 cm in length. Marine Ecology Progress Series 218: 87-93. Evanston, Northwestern University Press. Ulva intestinalis has a moderate environmental impact in the Great Lakes. Optimal salinity for growth may be around 15–24‰ but varies greatly depending on the population. Liverpool: University Press. Burrows, E.M., 1959. Nitrogen enrichment ameliorates the negative effects of reduced salinity on the green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis. Belfast: Ulster Museum. Lubchenco, J., 1978. Martins, I., J.M. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 6, 189-192. Bjoerk, M., L. Axelsson, and S. Beer. Houghton, D.R., Pearman, I. Aquatic Toxicology, 51, 277-291. Effect of Geographical Location on the Variation in Products Formed from the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Ulva intestinalis The Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare (Vedder, Edward B.) Effect of Geographical Location on the Variation in Products Formed from the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Ulva intestinalis Sofia Raikova Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Chemical Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom Biological There are no known biological control methods for this species. Several hundred individuals of Tigriopus brevicornis have been observed in a single thallus of Ulva intestinalis (McAllen, 1999). Ulva intestinalis on the other hand has a green thallus with tubular branches originating from a single small stipe and disc-shaped holdfast. Fronds may be 10-30 cm or more in length and 6-18 mm in diameter, the tips of which are usually rounded. Published: 2009-04-02 The species often grows … Gametes are biflagellate and zoospores are typically quadriflagellate. JNCC (Joint Nature Conservation Committee), 1999. Biological survey of the intertidal chalk reefs between Folkestone Warren and Kingsdown, Kent 2009-2011. It exhibits rapid nutrient uptake, growth, and osmoregulation, particularly in conditions of reduced salinity and light. Suffolk Biodiversity Information Service (SBIS) Dataset. Thallus completely tubular and elongate, increasing in width from base to mid thallus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 284: 109-116. Seaweeds have no known mechanism for visual perception. 2005. www.iobis.org. Ulva intestinalis The sea lettuces comprise the genus Ulva, a group of edible green algae that is widely distributed along the coasts of the world's oceans. 80-92. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 218, 87-93. NOAA | DOC. For instance, Ulva intestinalis and Ulva compressa (as Enteromorpha) are two distinct, genetically divergent and reproductively isolated species (Blomster et al., 1998). McFarlane), ERDA Symposium Series (Conf-750425, NTIS), Augusta, GA, pp. Enteromorpha intestinalis - a refuge for the supralittoral rockpool harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus brevicornis. Can be free-floating in the water or attached to rocks, pilings and other hard surfaces. Phycology and heavy-metal pollution. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum 8(2): 163-172. [Ulster Museum publication, no. 1980. Ulva intestinalis is amongst the first multicellular algae to appear on substrata that have been cleared following a disturbance, e.g. NBN (National Biodiversity Network) Atlas. 'Torrey Canyon'. A harvest weight of 2600-3000 g/m2 and 3400-4700 g/m2 was obtained within two weeks on horizontal and vertical ropes respectively. It thrives in brackish waters, particularly in waters with organic enrichment. & Depledge, M.H., 1999. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 126: 281-291. Make a thin cross section of Ulva intestinalis and draw the … St Andrews BioBlitz 2015. Internationally, Ulva intestinalis has also been associated directly or in part with negative impacts on diversity or specific taxa. Hoffmann, A.J., and P. Camus. European Journal of Phycology, 38, 277-294. BRERC species records recorded over 15 years ago. & Marques, J.C., 1999. However, the harmful bloom development seen in marine environments is rare in inland, freshwater populations (Messyasz and Rybak 2011). Occurrence dataset: https://www.kentwildlifetrust.org.uk/ accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-10-01. LERN Records. Ulva lactuca covering a rock in the shallow intertidal zone. Ohio Journal of Science 64: 272-274. & Marsland, A., 1976. Blomster, J., S. Back, D.P. Collins pocket guide. Centre for Environmental Data and Recording, 2018. Kitching, J.A. (Ulvophyceae; Chlorophyta) in freshwater ecosystems. On the other hand, at the Ojibway Salt Mine near the Detroit River, forms of this species have occurred in an effluent stream and lagoon on rocks subject to wave action (Catling and McKay 1980). Occurrence dataset: https://www.nmni.com/CEDaR/CEDaR-Centre-for-Environmental-Data-and-Recording.aspx accessed via NBNAtlas.org on 2018-09-25. Ulva intestinalis has an enhanced ability to form blooms in eutrophic conditions. Mats can also shade out native seagrass beds (Cummins et al. Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN), The Marine Biological Association of the UK (see contact us)© 2020 The Marine Biological Association of the UK, All Rights Reserved. Sewage, green algal mats anchored by lugworms, and the effects on Turbellaria and small Polychaeta. Miscellaneous records held on the Cofnod database. Martin, I., Oliveira, J.M., Flindt, M.R. Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/146yiz accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-09-27. Rhodora 29: 138-139. Sporophytes are often also capable of reproducing over longer time periods than gametophytes (Cordi et al. Vertical distribution of seaweed spores in a water column off shore of North Carolina. Kent Wildlife Trust, 2018. The Wildlife Information Centre, 2018. Edwards, D.M., R.H. Reed, and W.D.P. Ulva intestinalis and Ulva compressa are two bloom-forming morphologically-cryptic species of green seaweeds widely accepted as cosmopolitan in distribution. St Andrews BioBlitz 2016. Finally, as previously mentioned, the population originally found near a salt plant at Wolf Creek, New York (Muenscher 1927) has decreased and may no longer even be present, probably due to decreased salinity (Marcus et al. Stewart. Desmond, and J.B. Zedler. Pollution and marine life. Hadi, R., A.M. Hadi, K.M. 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