But it is not the locality that is important, but the meaning of Salem. Intimating him to be somewhat excessive to other great ones: and how much greater then must be Christ, if his type be so great! Hebrews 7:1-17. Numbers 6:22; Numbers 6:27. The greatness of this high priest is what he sets in their view, and that indefinitely: How great is this officer! He is a king-priest not of Judaism, but of Gentilism universally. Mr. Wolfe had as a friend a sheik in the kingdom of Khiva, whose name was Abder-Rahman, signifying “Slave of the merciful God.” He is also called Shahe-Adaalat, “King of Righteousness,” the same as the Hebrew Melchizedek. Another sacerdotal act, or exercise of priestly power ascribed to Melchizedek, is, that he received of Abraham tithes of all; the one paid them in a way duty, the other received them in a way of office. This tradition, found in Josephus and in the earliest of the Targums, agrees well with the circumstances of the narrative as far as we can follow them, and seems to deserve acceptance. Our opinion is, that Melchizedek was nobody but himself; himself as simply narrated in Genesis 14:18-20; in which narrative both David, in Psalms 110, and our author after him, find every point they specify in making him a king-priest, typical of the king-priesthood of Christ. See Bleek, who contends that Jerusalem cannot be meant because Jebus was its old name. "De 32:8 Ps 9:2-5 21:7 47:2-4 56:2,3 82:6,8 83:16-18 91:9-12" "2Sa 22:14,15 Da 5:18"--Scofield Bible p. "The king's dale" (2 Samuel 18:18), identified in Genesis 14:17 with Shaveh, is placed by Josephus and tradition near Jerusalem. One is hard-pressed to find a verse-by-verse commentary on the Book of Hebrews from a Torah perspective. For the design of the apostle in this chapter is not to declare the nature or the exercise of the priesthood of Christ, though occasionally mentioned; having spoken of the former, chap. He managed all as a priest between his own people and the great God, ruling of them in all matters civil, and teaching and ordering them in all sacred things. The verb does not come until Hebrews 7:3 "abideth.". Observe, 2. This is to misread the type. Let us now consider each of those particulars in which the Apostle makes Christ like Melchisedec. 9:25, 28). Wordsworth endeavours to identify Salem with Shechem, which was, indeed, a most memorable spot in patriarchal times, but he only shows a Salem near Shechem, yet not Shechem itself. And learn hence, that this signal prefiguration of Christ, in the nations of the world, at the same time when Abraham received the promises for himself and his posterity, gave a pledge and assurance of the certain future call of the Gentiles unto an interest in him and participation of him. Hebrews 7:1-10, The True King of Righteousness - Duration: 59:24. There are other Salems mentioned as competitors for this honour, but their claims are very slender. That had the promises - The promise that he should have a numerous posterity; that in him all the nations of the earth should be blessed; see Hebrews 6:12-16 . Next, He was saluted at resurrection by God as "Priest forever after the order of Melchizedek" (7:17). Hebrews 7:1. οὗτος) The subject, namely, This man, who is mentioned ch. So in the only other cases in which it is found in the New Testament-namely, the demoniac and the divining damsel confessing other gods are false, and God alone is to be exalted (Mark 5:7; Acts 16:17). The translated Bible text has ... Jesus is superior to Melchizedek 7:1-28. As a tribute of gratitude to him, and as a thank-offering to God, Abraham gave him a tenth part of the spoils which he had taken. In the Armana tablets. Not a mere wish, but authoritative intercession as a priest. He blessed God Most High on the occasion of Abraham's triumph over The kings (Vs. 1), and his rescue of wretched Lot (type, perhaps of Israel's condition at Armageddon). This epistle was written for the special benefit of the Hebrews (or Jews) who had become Christians. Hebrews 7:15. So had God prepared in Melchizedek a wondrous prophecy of His Son, Whose right to the priesthood lay in no earthly birth. We should often reflect on these matters regarding Christ which lie at the beginning of the epistle, for they draw out our hearts toward Him Who partook of "blood and flesh ... in like manner" with us. According to Aristotle (Pol., iii. Greek. His name means, King of righteousness (Calvary); his position, and then also King of Salem, means King of Peace (the result of Calvary). Thus by tithes Abraham confessed Melchizedek's superiority, for (vs. 7): Without any dispute the less is blessed of the better. It is indeed no wonder that he dwells so minutely on this subject. King of Salem, means King of Peace. Cf. He appears an unlineal priest, without father, mother, or pedigree. The patriarchs before the law, the Jews under the law, and the Christians in times of the gospel, have all paid this proportion: From whence some have concluded, that as the seventh part of our time, so the tenth part of our goods and estates were given to God from the beginning, as Lord of all our time, and proprietor of our estate. 80) “Rex Anius, rex idem hominum, Phoebique sacerdos,” and see Gardner and Jevon’s Greek Antiq., 200, 201. In the Ordo Temporum, p. 176, I have taken τὴν κοπὴν, in the strict sense, for the slaughter and destruction of the kings; but the meaning, flight, is also one consistent with the word הכות (LXX. About this Melchizedek more puerile speculation has been written, extending from Hierax to Alford, than has been expended upon any human character in Scripture. Virgil (Æn., iii. He blessed him, And Melchizedek said, Blessed be Abraham of the Most High God, possessor of heaven and earth. SudukIt has indeed been made a question by some whether such a person ever actually existed, and consequently whether this be a proper name. : Amraphel, Arioch, Chedorlaomer and Tidal, i.e., Khammurabi, Eriaku, Kudurlachgumal and Tudchula. The person pointed at by this name, is mentioned only once by Moses, and that in Genesis 14:18-20. He met Abraham returning from the defeat of … Yet it is not in the person of Melchizedek alone, but in the grouping, also, of circumstances around and in his person, that the inspired imagination of the psalmist finds the shadowing points. There I did not venture to affirm that Arioch is the same as Arius, and I am less disposed to do so now. Melchizedek is revealed, in his person and ministry, to Abraham, the great-grandfather of Levi, Aaron's ancestor. 14.). 1:1 In the past God spoke to our forefathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, 2 but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, ... 7:1 This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God Most High. The Apostle now proceeds to unveil the face of Moses in the account which he gives of Melchisedec. Read Introduction to Hebrews. This picks up the explanation where it stopped in Hebrews 5:11. All its most remarkable characteristics are found enveloped in the wondrous type. Having asserted, Hebrews 6:20, that Jesus was made from eternity. If we look for the construction, Melchisedech may be joined with what follows, (ver. For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham as he was returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient, Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology, Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament, The Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary, Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary, International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Tsedeqand is correctly explained as meaning “king of righteousness” - being compounded of two words - “king and righteousness.” Why this name was given to this man is unknown. Observe, 5. He was (vs. 1) King of Salem, priest of God Most High, a dignity high above that of Abraham the Patriarch. About, more puerile speculation has been written, extending from Hierax to Alford, than has been expended upon any human character in Scripture. But it was Christ after the order of Melchizedek Who "offered up Himself," and thereafter appears in blessing, as did Melchizedek to Abram in Gen. Among the kings conquered by Joshua, no king of Salem distinct from Jerusalem is mentioned. The object of the writer is, in reality, very simple—to deal with the question, What is the import of the divine utterance that David’s Lord is a “Priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek”? 1. But if Chedorlaomer, Amraphel, and Tidal were slain, though Arioch survived, "slaughter of the kings" is correct. The context explains the relationship between Jesus’ and Melchizedek’s priesthood, which is superior to the Levitical priesthood. The author had argued Christ's superiority to Moses and the fact that Christianity was the fulfillment of the promise for a better rest. King of Salem.—Jewish tradition affirms strongly that this Salem occupied the site on which Jerusalem afterwards stood; and certainly Salem is a poetic name of Jerusalem (Psalms 76:2). Hebrews 7:1-10 Christ, a Priest after the order of Melchisedec, is, proved to be of a more excellent order than that of, Aaron, from the character of Melchisedec, and his. Dec 8, 1996. He had well earned the benediction by his heroic expulsion of the invaders out of Palestine. It is said simply that when Abraham was returning from a successful military expedition, this man, who it seems was well known, and who was respected as a priest of God, came out to express his approbation of what he had done, and to refresh him with bread and wine. 11,) Salem, the city of Melchisedec, was Jerusalem. His priesthood is, then, after the order of Melchizedek, not after the order of Aaron (7:11). 1. It is true Christ in the character of the angel Jehovah, the angel of the Covenant, appeared in the likeness of man to the patriarch, but Christ was not incarnate till he was born of Mary, and therefore could not be a priest; for every high priest is represented as taken from among men, chap, and it "behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest," chap 2:17, not merely having the appearance of a Prayer of Manasseh, but being actually such. Returning from the slaughter.—Rather, from the smiting, or defeat. kope. 2. Abraham, on God's part; next, he blessed God on Abraham's part: a reciprocal blessing. 7 This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God Most High. Of the facts recorded in Genesis none are passed over, except the gift of bread and wine; the blessing also is mentioned in general terms only. John Piper Dec 8, 1996 170 Shares God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him He succeeds no one in office and no one succeeds him. For, &c. — The apostle having promised to lead the believing Hebrews forward to the perfection of Christian knowledge, (Hebrews 6:1-4,) particularly with regard to the high-priesthood of Christ as typified by that of Melchisedec, which he had repeatedly mentioned, (namely, Hebrews 5:6; Hebrews 5:10; Hebrews 6:20,) as a figure of it he proceeds now to fulfil his promise; and, in order thereto, points out the deep meaning of the oath recorded Psalms 110:4. (111) It hence follows, that out of his kingdom nothing but sin reigns among men. Hebrews 7 New King James Version (NKJV) The King of Righteousness. In that account there is no difficulty whatever. Observe, 3. It becomes necessary, then, to the student of Hebrews to inquire what this "order of Melchizedek" means, prophesies, and anticipates; and none the less to inquire what is that priestly work in which our Lord is now occupied which was set forth in type in Aaron's priesthood. and reading too much into the words. 7:4 But s… The expression without genealogy simply means that his genealogy is not given, for from vs. 6 it is evident that he had genealogy: whose genealogy is not counted from them (the sons of Levi). He is then called the King of righteousness, because of what he effects in diffusing righteousness on all his people. But, the scripture speaks of another priestly order, which formed no part of the Jewish priesthood. For though this honor is ascribed to kings who rule with moderation and in equity, yet this belongs really to Christ alone, who not only exercises authority justly as others do, but also communicates to us the righteous of God, partly when he makes us to be counted righteous by a gratuitous reconciliation, and partly when he renews us by his Spirit, that we may lead a godly and holy life. years later we find a psalm with just one single verse, in which God Himself is introduced, swearing to His Son that He is to be a High Priest after the order of Melchizedek. There are other Salems mentioned as competitors for this honour, but their claims are very slender. Again at the end of Chapter 4 (vss. Now note again the name of God in connection with Melchizedek's priesthood: "He blessed him (Abraham), and said, Blessed be Abram of God Most High (Heb., El Elyon), possessor of Heaven and earth" (Gen. 14:19). 23.)". By saying that he “blessed” Abraham, we are to render that he prayed God to bless him, as we find it explained in Genesis 14:19. Melchizedek king of Salem, and priest of the Most High God. And since a person would need to be greater than another in order to be able to bless him (verse7), this circumstance shows that even their father Abraham was not as great a person as Melchisedec. That is, he was King of righteousness as Christ first answered at the Cross all righteous claims against us; and second King of peace: Christ is our peace: "Being therefore justified by faith, we have peace with God." This reminds us that throughout the New Testament, especially in Hebrews and the Revelation, we see that Christ's enemies are to be put beneath His feet as the first step in the establishment of the kingdom. The Judaizers in those days were very busy in trying to force the Mosaic system upon Christians, claiming it to be still in force. He could not be a Jewish high priest. The second likeness which the Apostle states is as to the kingdom of peace. But a special argument is made in connection with the priesthood of Melchisedec. Commentary on Hebrews 1:4-14 (Read Hebrews 1:4-14) Many Jews had a superstitious or idolatrous respect for angels, because they had received the law and other tidings of the Divine will by their ministry. The time and circumstances of Melchizedek's coming to meet Abraham are most striking. Hebrews 7:1 - For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham as he was returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, on StudyLight.org 189; and esp., Boscawen’s First of Empires, c. 3. Hebrews 7:1-10 the Greatness of the Melchizedek Priesthood . And Melchizedek said, Blessed be Abraham of the Most High God, possessor of heaven and earth. Abraham was, at the time of meeting Melchizedek, returning from the region of Damascus to his home at Mamre, or Hebron, and would pass in the neighbourhood of Jerusalem. But it is of its excellence and dignity that he discourses here, and yet not absolutely, but in comparison with the Levitical priesthood, which method was both necessary, and directly conducive to his end. We think of the word "order" as denoting inheritance, or succession; but here it denotes character of being, and office. 'Da 4:35,37 Isa 14:13,14 Mt 28:18" (b) the earthly authority of El Elyon (e.g.) We read of no resignation of his office, or of the succesion of any person to him therein; and thus he remaineth a priest for ever. Remember that the Jews were extremely accurate and meticulous in examining the qualifications of one who would be the high priest. A thousand! that the group of shadowings appears. Ah, but he is more than that! Melchisedec is set forth as a type of Christ, hence it was fitting to connect him with a place signifying "peace." Jesus is a high priest forever, in the priestly order of Melchizedek. A vital principle to remember concerning the Old and New Covenants is that what did not originate with the Old Covenant did not die with it.The gist of the argument in Hebrews 7 is that, since the Levitical priesthood has no authority under the New Covenant, the ritual laws pertaining to the priesthood are no longer valid. An EasyEnglish Commentary (2800 word vocabulary) on the Letter to the Hebrews. And therefore Zechariah, when he introduces him, as by the solemn decree of God, into the possession of his kingdom, thus extols him, —, “Rejoice, O daughter of Sion, Behold thy righteous King To this effect he had been called of God, and his priesthood was after the order of Melchisedec, which is proved by a quotation from Psalm 110 : Chap 5:6. “And when he makes peace between the kings he bears the title, ‘Shahe-Soolkh,’ king of peace, in Hebrew, Melek-Salem.” But the best ancient Jewish authorities, the Targums and Josephus, agree that Salem here is an ancient name of Jerusalem. We have formerly adverted to the depth and fullness of the instruction contained in the Word of God. This shows him to be a man, as doth his next title. Locate the Passage; The longest doctrinal section of the epistle begins with Hebrews 7 and concludes at 10:18. This same Jerusalem, where dwelt the Hebrews to whom this epistle was addressed, was the dwelling-place of the type of our great High Priest, as afterward, the chosen “dwelling-place” of Jehovah. This was a subject of great importance, and is therefore repeated v10. . 9. His place of residence was Salem, afterwards called Jerusalem, in the land of Canaan, Joshua 10:1. THAT HE HAD NONE OF THOSE THINGS IN THE SCRIPTURAL RECORD, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings. We are not to draw from these remarkable words the inference some have drawn, that Melchizedek never was born, nor that he has not died. Yet on no subject has there been a greater variety of opinion than in regard to this man. As priest, he first blessed. This, however, is now denied, see Moore, Judges, p. 413, who says that the common opinion that Jebus was the native name of the city, has no real ground in O.T. He blessed Abraham, "who had the promises" (vss. Whatsoever we receive signally from God, in a way of mercy, we ought to return a portion of it to him in a way of duty. Read Hebrews 7 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). 7:4), not Shem, as some contend, for the record of Shem's beginning of days and end of life is given to us. The author of Hebrews faced the problem of how to convince his readers to stay true to Christ. , asserting thus at once his superiority (Hebrews 7:7) and his priestly authority. Melchizedek, being priest of God Most High, "possessor of Heaven and earth," must represent Christ leading in worship, in Heaven as well as on earth! In Psalms 76:2, “In Salem also is his tabernacle, and his dwelling place in Zion,” unquestionably gives the name of Salem to Jerusalem. 7:1), the hosts of the Mesopotamian country that had overwhelmed Lot and the cities of the plain. (b) a 'Gentile' is the priest of El Elyon and (c) His distinctive 'character' as most high God is 'possessor of heaven and earth.' Mary was the mother of Jesus, but it is blasphemy to call her "the mother of God." While it is designed primarily with lay people in mind—Sunday school teachers, Bible study leaders, students of the … The matter of blessing is laid down, Genesis 14:19. They were being tempted to return to Judaism and abandon their faith in Christ. The Apostle had repeatedly spoken of Christ as our high priest, chapter 2:17, 3:1, 4:14, 15, 5:5, 6. ’ . Calvary South Denver 8,113 views. None went before him, and none succeeded him in his office. He is preceded and succeeded by an everlasting silence, so as to present neither beginning nor end of life. 2:12). We must take the narrative of Moses just as it stands. This title, "the Most High," handed down by tradition from primitive revelation, appears in the Phoenician [ `Elyown (Hebrew #5946)]. Melchizedek was greater than Aaron, because he was king as well as high priest. also Acts 16:17; Acts 7:58, also Luke 1:32; Luke 1:35; Luke 1:70; Luke 6:35. 1:9-10). Aaron, on the other hand, is connected constantly with sacrifices. They looked upon them as mediators between God and men, and some went so far as to pay them a kind of religious homage or worship. i.e. He met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings. Having neither beginning of days nor end of life--(vs. 3) revealed to us: no recorded time of birth, death, or age. Ian Mackervoy. vi.] That he descended from Ham, third son of Noah, because an inhabitant in Canaan, and that his name, Melchisedec, was the common name of the princes of that country, whose metropolis was first called Tsedec, then Salem, then Jerusalem, because the king of it in Joshua’s time was named Adoni-zedec, which is synonymous with this, is all conjectural. Our High Priest is the Son of God Perfect Forever. Hebrews 7:23-25 from the unchangeableness. It is most probable that he was a mortal man, and a Canaanite, but yet a most righteous man, and a priest of the most high God by special dispensation; and that Chedorlaomer and the other kings that over ran the country, and spoiled it, forbare, out of reverence to the man and his office, to meddle with Melchisedec’s territories. —Says Philo, “The Logos, who is shadowed forth by Melchizedek, is ‘Priest of the Most High;’ not as though there were other gods not most high, for God is as the One in heaven above, and in the earth beneath, and there is none besides him.”, This picks up the explanation where it stopped in, but part of the problem is failing to understand the. shalēm- means “peace;” and from this fact the apostle derives his illustration in, Returning from the slaughter of the kings -, JESUS' PRIESTHOOD IS SUPERIOR TO THAT OF THE LEVITES. By successive speculators in different ages he has been conjectured to be the Holy Spirit; one of the , or powers of God; the Logos; an angel; an ante-mundane man, created, not out of matter, but spirit; Enoch descended from heaven; Shem, Job, a great Unknown. Jerome maintained that Salem was situated near Scythopolis, where in his day were pointed out ruins of “Melchizedek’s palace.” Another tradition (probably of Samaritan origin) makes Mount Gerizim the place of meeting, in which case the city of Melchizedek would probably be near Shechem. But Salem mentioned Psalms 76:2, more known by its famous appellation, Jerusalem. εὐλόγησε. This fact has special meaning to a Jew. Hebrews 7:1-25. Now they are being asked to accept Jesus as High Priest. Thus he does in typology the very two things Christ will do: first, obtain blessing from God upon His people; second, lead their praise of God, as He says, "In the midst of the congregation (of 'My brethren') will I sing Thy praise" (Ps. Used Genesis 4:17 (Septuagint), This Melchisedec (Hebrews 6:20; Psalms 110:4). lib. Outline: Hebrews 7:1-10. 59:24. For is it not true of practically the whole Church, at least in a sad degree, that we "are become dull of hearing ... such as have need of milk"? Note that Melchizedek blessed Abraham. 7:15, 17, 24, and 27--"when He offered up Himself": these verses concern Christ after the order of Melchizedek! For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of God Most High, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, to whom also Abraham divided a tenth part of all (being first by interpretation, King of righteousness, and then also King of Salem, which is King of peace, without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like unto the Son of God) abideth a priest continually. In the same way, many Christians are hung up on intellectual issues that couldbe resolved, allowing them to move o… Melchizedek is the first who in Scripture is spoken of as priest, and the name is given without explanation. Our opinion is, that Melchizedek was nobody but himself; himself as simply narrated in, ; in which narrative both David, in Psalms 110, , and our author after him, find every point they specify in making him a king-priest, typical of the king-priesthood of Christ. 3). Our Hebrews are on the spot, and can look back through the Antitype to his primeval type, the primitive “King of righteousness” and “peace.” Wordsworth, indeed, objects that Jerusalem, being the special locality of the Hebrew theocracy, was not the proper place for a universal representative priest; but that is forgetting that Jerusalem was then not Hebrew but Gentile. Wordsworth endeavours to identify Salem with Shechem, which was, indeed, a most memorable spot in patriarchal times, but he only shows a Salem, Shechem, yet not Shechem itself. Let us not seek with our little minds to "reconcile" His humanity and deity, for God asks us to do no such thing, but to have the faith of little children. We pause here in this great subject to sum up briefly in a footnote the teachings of our chapter in Hebrews concerning Melchizedek, under three heads: What he was, What he did, What the "order of Melchizedek" means as to Christ. Genesis 14:19 Sacerdotal blessings were authoritative, and that by specal institution. but in His being the Son of God from eternity to eternity. The person spoken of described by his name, Melchizedek to be Shem the Son of Noah; but this cannot be, because of his genealogy is exactly set down by Moses. Hebrews: A Biblical Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition is part of a commentary series that interprets the books of the Bible from a Wesleyan perspective. King of Salem. “from the slaughter,” rather “overthrow”; “Niederwerfung” (Weizsäcker); “clades rather than caedes” (Vaughan) translating in Genesis 14:17, , “the kings”; well-known from Genesis 14, viz. He is traveling through the wilderness with the people of God before they come into the land of their inheritance. What is here asserted concerning Melchizedek; namely, that he abideth a priest for ever; that is, things are so related concerning him in Scripture, as that there is no mention of the ending of the priesthood of his order. No kingly line named, no "successor"; not as with the kings of Israel and Judah, a life with recorded beginning and end. I. And blessed him: it was an act of his sacerdotal office, such as God enjoined on such officers afterwards in Numbers 6:23-27, and not a common wish and desire only. 1.For—Connecting with Hebrews 5:10, after the intervening digression. 1), and a maternal genealogy (Lk. Calvary South Denver 8,157 views. Hebrews 7:20-22 from the confirmation of Christ’s priesthood by an oath. This peace indeed is the fruit of that righteousness which he has mentioned. In N.T. Only here. Salem is defined in this verse as King of peace, and the brief information given in Thayer's lexicon does not contradict it. Note that Melchizedek blessed Abraham. The argument in the present chapter rests on the certain truth, that God appointed Melchisedec to be a type of Christ in his priestly office, and ordered every thing concerning his history in such a way as to make the type as perfect as it could be in the case of a mere earthly priest. Melchizedek 7:1 … A Jewish legend, preserved in the later Targums on the Pentateuch, but not in the Targum of Onkelos, identifies him with the patriarch Shem; and many conjectures of a later date (stimulated by the remarkable language of these verses) have been far wilder in their extravagance. The language of the LXX. And a priest. He is a Priest forever after the order of Melchizedek (5:6-10; 6:20; 7:17). Between the subject Melchizedek and the verb , there are inserted five historical facts taken from Genesis 14, with their interpretation. Our Hebrews are on the spot, and can look back through the Antitype to his primeval type, the primitive “King of righteousness” and “peace.” Wordsworth, indeed, objects that Jerusalem, being the special locality of the Hebrew theocracy, was not the proper place for a universal representative priest; but that is forgetting that Jerusalem was then not Hebrew but Gentile. Whenever we see an essay headed, “Who was Melchizedek?” we promptly direct our, attention elsewhere. --The Holiest of All, An Exposition of Hebrews, Andrew Murray. See last note above. The record is not that he was like the Son of God, but that (vs. 3) he was made like unto the Son of God, (in having no earthly origin given). He offered the sacrifices, burnt incense, and blessed the people. King of Salem—The celebrated Jewish traveller, Joseph Wolfe, “no mean authority on such a subject,” is quoted by Mr. Grove, in Smith’s Biblical Dictionary, as expressing the belief that Salem, signifying peace, is here not the name of a place but a part of Melchizedek’s title. by Ray C. Stedman. “abideth a priest continually;” the connection with the last chapter, therefore, is very clear. Hebrews 7:1-10 Christ, a Priest after the order of Melchisedec, is proved to be of a more excellent order than that of Aaron, from the character of Melchisedec, and his confessed superiority to Abraham and Levi, Hebrews 7:11-19 from the imperfection of the Levitical priesthood, which induced the necessity of a change to one more perfect, 1 For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; Ver. ’s background (1-3) II. The most high God.—A title characteristic of the narrative (Genesis 14:18-20; Genesis 14:22). Melchizedek, in Genesis, suddenly appears upon the historic stage, without antecedents or consequents. The counsels of God revealed in Melchizedek, therefore, are prior to those revealed in Aaron and his ministry. Hebrews 7:1 - For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham as he was returning... - Verse-by-Verse Commentary He was also priest of the most High God, Genesis 14:19, so that he united in his own person the offices of king and priest; he was, therefore, a royal priest. Lastly, on any other principle than that of “designed” typical relation, it is difficult, if not impossible, to give any just account of the remarkable omissions, the apparently studied silence, in the history of Melchizedek, in regard to those things that are commonly related in notices of lives, however brief. After some preliminary observations the Apostle again describes Jesus as made an high priest after the order of Melchisedec, Chap 6:20, and at the same time enters more fully into the account given of him, explaining the mystery and what Moses records concerning this very eminent personage. 2. Proper nouns in Bible times often had distinctive meanings, and Thayer says that the name Melchisedec means, "King of righteousness," which is the statement in our verse. 7:3 Without father, without mother, without genealogy, he has neither beginning of days nor end of life but is like the son of God, and he remains a priest for all time. Now this Melchisedec, king of Salem, was a priest of the most high God; who met Abraham returning from the overthrow of the kings, and blessed him; to whom Abraham also divided the tenth of all: being first indeed, by interpretation, King of righteousness, and then also King of Salem, which is, King of Peace; without father, without mother, without decent, having no beginning of days or end of life, but. Both were kings of peace and righteousness, and neither of them deduced their right to their respective priesthood from any succession: both of them exercised the office of blessing, as priests, and neither of them deriving their office from parentage, it follows, that no objection can be raised against the priesthood of the one, which does not equally lie against the priesthood of the other. The Hebrew word, indeed, translated a priest, sometimes signifies a prince, but the historian hath removed the ambiguity by adding the words, of the most high God.” Who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings — Who had taken Lot prisoner, with the kings of Sodom, Gomorrah, and the neighbouring cities of the plain; and blessed him — Pronounced on him a blessing in the name of God, to whom he ministered; and in his manner of blessing him showed himself to be a priest of the only true God, his words being, Blessed be Abraham of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth. "May God teach us to know what it means that Christ is our Melchizedek, a Priest forever. Scripture: Hebrews 7:1–25. 1. 7:2 To him also Abraham apportioned a tithe of everything. , worshipping the true God with acceptable rites before the apostasy of Ham had, in this region, established idolatry. Unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoils: this greatness is evinced by Abraham’s (the patriarch, chief of all the fathers of Israel, whom the Hebrews esteemed above all others, John 8:53, and God owns as his friend, and sets all believers under his fatherhood) giving, as a due to Melchisedec, being the greater person in office, the tenth of all the spoils, that which was due to God, and paid to him as God’s high priest: akroyiniwn notes either the first or choicest of the heaps of grains, especially the first-fruits dedicated to God; but here signifieth that part of the spoils which, according to the custom of war in most nations, after the victory, were offered to God as his part, whether they did consist of persons or things: the tenth part of these were given by him to, Melchisedec, as the greatest priest of God in the world, and superior to himself. Christ (Zechariah 6:13) unites these offices in their highest sense. 3. He is, you may say, a type of Christ. This was a part of the duty of a priest in Israel. This was, probably, Jerusalem, but of this we can have no certainty, nor is it of the smallest importance in order to our entering into the meaning of the Apostle. 110), superseding and preceding Aaron and all the Levitical economy, his place is exceeding high. Priest of the most high God: his authority in matters of religion, as a prime minister about holy things between God and men, and therefore a man, as Hebrews 5:1, set up by the most high God for himself, and consecrated in his order of priesthood by him, which should most illustriously set out that of his own Son. For this Melchisedec] Some make him the same with Shem; others say it was the Holy Ghost; others say it was Christ himself under the guise of a king and priest. Choose a chapter and verse from 'Hebrews' to begin your 'Verse-by-Verse' study of God's Word using the more than 100 commentaries available on StudyLight.org “Rejoice, O daughter of Sion, Behold thy righteous King, John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, William Newell's Commentary on Romans, Hebrews and Revelation, Expository Notes with Practical Observations on the New Testament, Johann Albrecht Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament, Justin Edwards' Family Bible New Testament, Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments, George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Unabridged, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, E.M. Zerr's Commentary on Selected Books of the New Testament, Haldane's Exposition on the Epistle to the Romans and Hebrews. It is certain he was a man who lived by bread and wine, as well as Abraham, and received tithes from him becoming a man. Hebrews 7:17, ἐξῆλθε δὲ βασιλεὺς σοδόμων εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτῷ μετὰ τὸ ὑποστρέψαι αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς κοπῆς, κ. τ. λ. Others take him to be one of the posterity of Japhet, the father of the Gentiles: In the midst of these sinners, above others, was Melchizedek raised up as an illustrious type of Christ, the promised Messiah. The next section of Hebrews runs from 7:1 to 10:18. John Piper Dec 1, 1996 433 Shares Sermon. A vital principle to remember concerning the Old and New Covenants is that what did not originate with the Old Covenant did not die with it.The gist of the argument in Hebrews 7 is that, since the Levitical priesthood has no authority under the New Covenant, the ritual laws pertaining to the priesthood are no longer valid. “For this Melchizedek [mentioned in Psalms 110 and who has just been named as that priest according to whose order Christ is called to be Priest] remains a priest continually.” This is the statement on which he wishes to fix attention. [On the historicity of Genesis 14, see Buchanan Gray in Expositor, May, 1898, and Driver, Authority and Archaeology, pp. The writer to the Hebrews wanted to remove these intellectual problems the Jewish Christians had with the gospel. (110), The first likeness is in the name; for it was not without a mystery that he was called the King of righteousness. 39–45. Again, on the Cross He "offered Himself" (Heb. Hebrews 5:6; Hebrews 5:10, Hebrews 6:20 and he had hinted, that he had many things to say of him, and hard to be understood; all therefore which has been said in the preceding chapter is a digression; from which he now returns, in order to explain what he meant by strong meat. At the end of the last chapter, that he might return from his digression to his subject, he quoted again the passage from the Psalms; and now he enters fully into what he had before slightly referred to; for he enumerates particularly the things connected with Melchisedec, in which he resembled Christ. "The whole place Melchizedek occupies in sacred history is one of the most remarkable proofs of the inspiration and the unity of Scripture, as written under the direct supernatural guidance of the Holy Spirit. 16:20). The Predicate is, Hebrews 7:3, ἀπάτωρ— εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς, without father—for ever. See Fairbairn, Studies in the Philosophy of Religion, p. 317. was also a title of , Pind., Hebrews 11:2. . He initiates it with a description of the state of Melchisedec’s order, from Hebrews 7:1-10; and then proceeds to apply it to Christ, from Hebrews 7:11-28. A free Bible Commentary on the Letter to the Hebrews in Easy English. But, he comes from the wrong Tribe! Therefore from eternity to eternity He is such! Most High. Salem is a short name for Jerusalem ( Psalm 76:2), where this man was located as both king and priest. And here will be fulfilled in its time that "mystery of His will made known to us": "According to His good pleasure which He purposed in Him (Christ) unto a dispensation of the fullness of the seasons, to sum up (gather together into one) all things in Christ, the things in the heavens, and the things upon the earth" (Eph. It is the “for-everness” of the priesthood which he means especially to insist upon. It may be that the result of these speculations has been to invest this chapter with a mystery which does not belong to it. It is by optical truth only, not by corporeal facts, that he becomes a picture, and with his surroundings a visible tableau, into which the psalmist first reads the conception of an adumbration of the eternal priesthood of the Messiah; and all our author does is to develop the particulars which are in mass presupposed by the psalmist. "I came forth and am come of God," He said. Melchizedek was greater than Aaron, because he was king as well as high priest. His name, "King of Righteousness," doubtless suitable to his character, marked him as a type of the Messiah and his kingdom. He is a king-priest not of Judaism, but of Gentilism universally. ’ “priest of the Most High God”. Before he enters into this, Melchisedec and Christ are compared together, as being like each other in several circumstances. Hebrews 1:7, ESV : "Of the angels he says, “He makes his angels winds, and his ministers a flame of fire.”" Who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings: he went from Jerusalem with necessary refreshings to meet Abraham, the friend of God, the father of believers, a prince and a priest himself, and of whose posterity was to come the Messiah, now returning from his victory over Chedorlaomer and his confederate kings, with the rescue of his nephew, and all his, to his tents at Mamre. Remember that the Jews were extremely accurate and meticulous in examining the qualifications of one who would be the high priest. JESUS THE HIGH PRIEST AFTER THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK. 7:1-3, of which note the last--abideth a priest continually. Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life: a High Priest after the order of Melchisedec. IT IS NOT LOCAL AND TRANSIENT, LIKE THE AARONIC, BUT UNIVERSAL AND PERPETUAL, LIKE THE MELCHIZEDEKIAN, Hebrews 7:1-28. Hebrews 6:20 from the psalm, and the same who is mentioned in Genesis. See here, how God can raise up instruments for his service, and unto his glory, whence where, and how he pleaseth. Hebrews 7:1 New International Version (NIV) Melchizedek the Priest. Hebrews 7:1-4 King James Version (KJV) 7 For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; 2 To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace; The Jews made great claim of being related to Abraham, yet this verse (citing Genesis 14:18-20) shows that Melchisedec blessed Abraham. 1. cap. Hebrews 7:1-3 Melchizedek and Jesus Christ (1) Genesis 14:17-20 Melchizedek and Jesus Christ (2) Hebrews 7:1-10 Melchizedek and Jesus Christ (3) Hebrews 7:11-19 Melchizedek and Jesus Christ (4) Hebrews 7:20-28 The Exalted Status of Our High Priest; Hebrews 8:1-13 Hebrews and the New Covenant; Hebrews 9:1-10 The Sanctuary and the Services There were moral types of Christ's person before Melchizedek, as Adam, Abel, and Noah, which represented him in sundry things: But the first person, who was solemnly designed to represent Christ by what he was and did, was Melchizedek the priest; teaching us, that the foundation of all that the Lord Jesus Christ had to do in and for the church, was laid in his priestly office, whereby he made atonement, and reconciliation for sin: Melchizedek king of Salem, and priest of the Most High God. Whether Salem stands for Jerusalem or for Salim in the vale of Shechem, John 3:23, has been disputed from Epiphanius downwards. For this Melchisedec — Of whom Moses speaks, Genesis 14:18, &c., (the passage to which David refers,) was king of Salem — “According to Josephus, (Antiq. Hebrews 7:1 "For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; We have discussed this Melchizedek at length in a previous lesson. All conjectures which we may form on the subject are out of place. In this blessing of Abraham by Melchizedek, all believers are virtually blessed by Jesus Christ: Melchizedek represented all his believing posterity, in what he then received. Melchizedek is a mystery-man, but part of the problem is failing to understand the Hebrew idiom and reading too much into the words. Slaughter, [ kopees (Greek #2871)] defeat (Alford). In 7:1–28, the author carefully explains the relationship between Jesus and Melchizedek, which was introduced in 5:10 just before the lengthy warning passage of … B. These intellectual hang-ups kept them from continuing on to maturity in Jesus. Named eight times in Hebrews (besides Gen. 14 and Ps. This same Jerusalem, where dwelt the Hebrews to whom this epistle was addressed, was the dwelling-place of the type of our great High Priest, as afterward the chosen “dwelling-place” of Jehovah. “the Most High God” is found in the mouth of Demoniacs, Mark 5:7; Luke 8:28; cf. And it was doubtless necessary that in him who was to be a type of the Son of God all things excellent should be found: and that Christ was shadowed forth by this type is evident from the Psalm referred to; for David did not say without reason, “Thou art a priest forever after the order Melchisedec;” no, but on the contrary, by these words a sublime mystery was recommended to the Church. This Melchizedek. The bread and wine Melchizedek brought forth would indeed refresh Abraham and his three hundred eighteen weary servants! The capital seat in his kingdom was Salem, the name likely of both his city and territory; not that Salem of the Sichemites, Genesis 33:18, afterwards called Shechem, demolished and sown with salt by Abimelech, Jude 9:34,45; in John the Baptist’s time raised again, and called Salem, John 3:23. He had well earned the benediction by his heroic expulsion of the invaders out of Palestine. To such a degree is the antiquity of the Assyrians uncertain abroad, which L. Offerhaus speciously discusses in the second book of his Spicilegia.— εὐλογήσας) LXX. The first part of this sentence (Hebrews 7:1-2, as far as “. This sacred truth, which had been hid for so many ages in the church, and which undeniably manifests the certain future introduction of another and better priesthood, is here brought to light by the apostle and improved. And he is, as an historic picture, forever there divinely suspended, the very image of a perpetual king-priest. Abraham, the depositary of the Divine promises is met by Melchizedek, "king of Salem ... priest of God Most High ... Possessor of Heaven and earth" (Gen. 14:18, 19). To this end he shows, that antecedently to the giving of the law, and the institution of the Levitical priesthood, God had, without any respect thereto, given a typical prefiguration of this priesthood of Christ, in one who was on all accounts superior to the future Levitical priests. Genesis 14:19-20. 1 For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, . Christ is a Priest, and He is a Man. But for some reason, the author of Hebrews passes over the easy parallel and focuses on some things that most of us would have missed. This was that which our apostle did principally design to confirm from hence, namely, that there was in the Scripture, before the institution of the Aaronical priesthood, a representation of an eternal, unchangeable priesthood, to be introduced into the church; which demonstrated to be that of Jesus Christ, of which Melchizedek's priesthood was a type. Our greatest help when the pressures of persecution arrive is the high priesthood of Jesus Christ. In the book of Genesis all we know of him is told in three short, very simple verses. Melchisedec, after whose order Christ had been declared to be a priest, was king of Salem. He received tithes of Abraham: unto whom Abraham, the patriarch, gave a tenth out of the chief spoils (vs. 4). . The blessing which he pronounced on the patriarch is recorded. But though Melchizedek, as a man, had father and mother, yet as a priest he had no predecessor nor successor; no predecessor from whom he might by birth receive his sacerdotal power; no successor who derived his priesthood from him: Now herein also was Melchizedek, and illustrious type of Christ, who derived his priesthood from no mortal predecessor from whom he might by birth receive his sacerdotal power; no successor who derived his priesthood, together with his kingdom, to God the Father, who gave him both. Without father, without mother--revealed to us; without genealogy--revealed to us. Note here, The aniquity of tithes, and how very ancient they were paid in Abraham's time, long before the ceremonial law, and therefore cannot be said to be Jewich and Levitical. Hebrews 7:1-10, The True King of Righteousness - Duration: 59:24. Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life: which expressions must not be understood absolutely, but tropically, not of Melchizedek as a man, but as a priest; for as a man, he had certainly both father and mother, though not recorded in Scripture; he was assuredly born, and did no less certainly die than other men; but neither his beginning of days nor end of life, are registered and rehearsed, that he might be the fitter type of Christ, concerning whom it is said, Who can declare his generation? The topics by which he proves this, are, that the same priest now abideth always, and does not die, as the Aaronical priests do; and that he has no sins of his own to offer for, as they had. By successive speculators in different ages he has been conjectured to be the Holy Spirit; one of the, of God; the Logos; an angel; an ante-mundane man, created, not out of matter, but spirit; Enoch descended from heaven; Shem, Job, a great Unknown. 14, 15) we read: "Having then a Great High Priest, Who hath passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. (Hebrews 7:1-3) Melchizedek had already been mentioned a number of times, but here the author of Hebrews turns to a fuller exploitation of what must be termed the boldest argument in the entire Bible, based upon the historical account of Melchizedek in Genesis 14 and what had doubtless seemed for ages like a minor statement in Psalms 110:4 . —The Shemite immigrant rejoiced in the benediction of the Amorite pontiff. As he was passing near Salem, Melchisedec meets him, and entertains him, Genesis 14:13-20. b. Blessed him—The Shemite immigrant rejoiced in the benediction of the Amorite pontiff. a. What the "order of Melchizedek" means as to Christ: In our sad "dullness of hearing" the "many things" that we find concerning Melchizedek are indeed "hard of interpretation." Here observe, 1. The monuments show us that these kings were contemporaries two thousand three hundred years B.C., and furnish many interesting particulars regarding them; see Driver in Authority and Archaeology, pp. For this Melchisedec,— The apostle had spoken of an high-priest after the order of Melchisedec thrice before, ch. This one man constitutes the order. κοπὴ), Genesis 14:17; comp. It is thus not in his actual unknown reality, but in the Scripture. He met Abraham and blessed him, after the slaughter of the kings who had taken Lot, his nephew, prisoner. See the notes on Genesis 14:18; Genesis 14:24. Besides, the whole world was so fallen into impiety, that it is very probable that God was nowhere faithfully worshipped except in the family of Abraham; for his father and his grandfather, who ought to have retained true religion, had long before degenerated into idolatry. Let us believe, with hearts rejoicing, that there is a Man at God's right hand in the glory Who is our Great High Priest; and, that He is God the Son, through Whom the worlds were created! Whenever we see an essay headed, “Who was Melchizedek?” we promptly direct our attention elsewhere. X-Atheist-Satanist comes to #JESUS - Amazing Christian Testimony - … It was a name known alike to the Canaanites, Phoenicians and Hebrews. Before entering upon this subject we may advert to the opinion which has been advanced that Melchisedec was the Son of God. What is the significance that … This fact has special meaning to a Jew. ... We see in it nothing less than a miracle of Divine wisdom, guiding Melchizedek and Abraham with a view to that which was to take place with the Son of God two thousand years later; revealing to the psalmist the secret purpose of the Divine mind in the promise made to the Son in Heaven; and then, by the same Holy Spirit, guiding the writer of our epistle to his Divinely-inspired exposition. The argument of this book is based on both contrasts and likenesses between the two systems. Yet it is not in the person of Melchizedek alone, but in the grouping, also, of circumstances around and in his person, that the inspired imagination of the psalmist finds the shadowing points. www.easyenglish.bible. This meeting of Melchizedek and Abraham, after Abraham had gotten the victory over all his adversaries, was a type and representation of the glorious meeting of Christ and his church, at the last day; then he will bring out of his stores in heaven for their eternal refreshment, as Melchizedek brought forth bread and wine to refresh Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings. Adonizedek ('lord of righteousness'), king of Jerusalem, was plainly a successor of Melchisedek. 1), and Son of Man (Ch. But the account in Genesis is as simple a historical record as any other in the Bible. And he is, as an historic picture, forever there divinely suspended, the very image of a perpetual king-priest. See last note above. The Nature of Melchizedek’s Priesthood 7:1 Now this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, met Abraham as he was returning from defeating the kings and blessed him. We hear God say of Christ, "Thou art a Priest forever After the order of Melchizedek" (Chs. Some Account of Melchizedec. We have seen how much instruction our Apostle elicits from what is recorded of the oath in Psalm 95:11, and the same observation applies to the history of Melchisedec, respecting whom we may observe that we can know no more than what Moses records in the Book of Genesis, and the commentary on the account given by our Apostle. Aphomoiōmenosaccording to Parkhurst, is “made very like.” So also Scott: “The composition is probably intended to add energy; made very like.” And Bloomfield adopts, “being made by the divine decree a type of that great High Priest, who, &c,;” see the notes in Greek Testament. Hebrews 7:1 For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham as he was returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, (NASB: Lockman) Greek : Houtos gar o Melchisedek, basileus Salem, hiereus tou theou tou hupsistou, o sunantesas ( AAPMSN ) Abraam hupostrephonti ( PAPMSD ) apo tes kopes ton basileon kai eulogesas ( AAPMSN ) auton, He had proved before, that Christ was far more excellent than Moses; that he was as properly called of God an high-priest as was Aaron; and that the Christian rest was promised also to the Jews: and now he undertakes to shew the dignity and excellence of the Christian high-priest to be infinitely superior to and greater than that of Aaron, or the Levitical high-priests. Time has proved Josephus correct in saying Salem is Jerusalem. He appears an unlineal priest, without father, mother, or pedigree. 5:6, 10; 6:20; 7:17). verse 15) may be translated. also Dalman, Words of Jesus, p. 198; and especially Charles’ edition of Book of Jubilees, pp. How can I get to heaven? induced the necessity of a change to one more perfect. The Jews conceived him to be Shem, the second son of Noah, which this scripture denieth, for his genealogy is well known in it. So Genesis 14:17 (cf. And, "Ye know neither Me, nor My father."). , the description given in this verse is taken verbatim [with the needed grammatical alterations] from Genesis 14:17-19. 191, 213, who shows that it was the specific title chosen by the Maccabean priest-kings. Of Melchizedek we know nothing beyond what we learn from the brief narrative of Genesis 14. Melchizedek was king-priest: king before priest. "For it was the good pleasure (of the Trinity) that in Him (Christ) should all the fullness dwell; and through Him to reconcile all things unto Himself, having made peace through the blood of His Cross ... whether things upon the earth, or things in the heavens" (Col. 1:19-20). Seems strange so few commentaries written from a Torah perspective NKJV ) the subject are out of place intervening. As a type of Christ ’ s priesthood by an everlasting silence, so as to the which! Chedorlaomer and Tidal, i.e., Khammurabi, Eriaku, Kudurlachgumal and Tudchula been forthcoming from smiting! 4 ( vss subject of great importance, and he is a priest continually blasphemy to call her the... A historical record as any other in the word of God from eternity ” the connection with immediately! ( 7:17 ) UNIVERSAL and perpetual, like the AARONIC, but claims! 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