All the solutions of Principles of Management - Business Studies explained in detail by experts to help students prepare for their CBSE exams. f. Employees can be offered monetary incentives so that they work more efficiently. Instruction Card Clerk: Whose role is to give instructions to workers, 2. wages). Division of work: Employees should be given specialised tasks so that it will be completed effectively and efficiently. Discuss the differences between the contributions of Taylor and Fayol. Here on AglaSem Schools, you can access to NCERT Book Solutions in free pdf for Business Studies for Class 12 so that you can refer them as and when required. Since they had no prior work experience, the firm decided to give them one year to prove themselves. The purpose of standardisation is to improve the quality of work and attain excellence. Fatigue is detrimental to productivity hence this study is conducted to understand the standard intervals of break that help a worker regain the energy to carry on working with same efficiency. It facilitates communication with higher authorities directly surpassing the defined chains of hierarchy. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Part 2. Students can solve NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Nature and Significance of Management MCQs Pdf […] It provides a clear picture of the forms of principles of management. It was conceptualised by Henry Fayol in 1916, Taylor was a practicing mechanical engineer, Techniques like functional foremanship and scientific management were introduced along with the different studies such as motion study, time study etc. d. Espirit de corps: The team work motive should be developed among employees. These principles are derived from real life situations and therefore are based on logic and reasoning. Following precaution need to be taken: a. Specialised staff having training should be recruited and existing staff can be further trained. • In order to separate planning from operational management ‘Functional foremanship’ should be introduced. State the main objective of time study. Based on that it following things can be determined, 1. NCERT Solution for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 – Principles of Management. b. ii. Explain the following Principles of management given by Fayol with examples: a. Management principles – It is a statement of truth, they act as a guide to thought and actions to the managerial decision actions and their execution. Therefore, to maintain a steady workflow and uninterrupted operations in the organisation, unity of command is essential for management. Doing such things helps in carrying out the activities in a smooth manner. Sometimes the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. All exercise questions with solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in … Gang Boss: Responsible to keep machines in a ready state for work. Book based on Latest Business Studies Class 12 NCERT CBSE Syllabus as on official website cbseacademic.nic.in . Which of the following is not an element of delegation? Production planning should be undertaken with in a systematic way. If you liked the video, please subscribe to our YouTube channel so that you can get more such interesting and useful study resources. • ‘Work study’ should be undertaken to optimise the use of resources. Whenever that principle is violated it results in unnecessary delay at work and ensures chaos. Download the NCERT Solutions for Class 12th Business Studies PDF for free in this page. 4. if CEO has all decision-making powers it is centralisation whereas if the decision-making power is distributed to managers of middle and lower levels then it is decentralisation. It takes into consideration all the activities involved in the completion of a task. a. It increases productivity. Management principles are based on logic rather than on beliefs. The purpose of this study is to eliminate unwanted movements in order to complete a task in a shorter time. Steps which can be taken by company are: i. Mental revolution: Mental revolution is the concept which revolves around bringing a change in the attitude of the workers and managers. Yes, as suggested by the new management consultant i.e. • To motivate the workers ‘Differential Piece Rate System’ should be implemented. 7. The NCERT Solutions to the questions after every unit of NCERT textbooks aimed at helping students solving difficult questions. For example, a company producing two different products should have separate management for each. Business Studies Class 12 Case Studies With Solutions, Answers. Individuals must be assigned tasks as per their specialisation. For students who plan to study commerce, Business Studies is an integral part of your syllabus. : Workers from different religions should be treated equally in a company. Explain the meaning of controlling. Chapter Wise CBSE Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Solutions are solved by Business Studies expert teachers, which sure to student get more marks in exam. 1. Principles of management have the following significance. Click Here Inspector: This person was responsible to maintain the quality of the work. Principles of management are not (a) universal (b) flexible (c) absolute (d) behavioural Answer (c) Principles of management are not absolute as they are flexible behavioral and universal nature Question 2. Download Complete NCERT Solutions PDF from class 6th to 12th. NCERT Solutions Complete Chapter wise and detailed. Explain the principle of ‘Scalar Chain’ and gang plank. To what aspects of the significance of management principles would you attribute the endeavours of BHEL and Shri Mahila Griha Udyog Lijjat Papad? Business Studies NCERT Class 12 book is available for free to all students. As per rule of thumb practice, managers will be assessing a situation and use trial and error to find a solution. Management principles are based on years of observation and implementation into real life issues. c. Give your answer with regard to each technique separately as enunciated in points 1 through 6 in the case problem. Name the principle of management followed by Wales Limited. NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 Principles Of Management. Your email address will not be published. For e.g. Personnel Development: An organisation has to focus on developing its workers as well as the organisation itself. c. Espirit de corps: This principle states that employees in an organisation should work with each other and maintain unity. Diagrammatically it can be represented as: 6. For e.g. From this page, students can access Chapter 2 Business Studies Class 11 CBSE NCERT Solutions for no charge. Unity of Direction: This principle states that each unit of the organisation should be working towards attaining a common business objective. This study resource owns an intense knowledge and the Solutions collated by the subject matter experts are no different. Here we are providing the solutions to all the chapters of NCERT Business Studies Class 12 Textbook for the students. Not having cordial relationship with the people in superior positions, 2. They should be encouraged to suggest points for improvement, it will make them take more initiatives for the development of organisation. Speed Boss: Responsible for timely completion of the designated job, 2. If you are a student of Class 12 who is using NCERT Textbook to study Business Studies, then you must come across chapter 2 Principles Of Management. The team spirit is improved when all resources are working unitedly, and this feeling should be promoted by manager. 4. This solution contains questions, answers, images, explanations of the complete chapter 2 titled Principles Of Management taught in Class 12. • ‘Standardisation’ of all activities should be implemented to increase efficiency and accountability. Answers of all CBSE Class 12 Business Studies MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers provided here with detailed solutions so that you can easily understand the logic behind each answer. Efficiency can be achieved with proper training to workers. As per this principle an individual should put organisational goals on priority over any personal interest. If an organisation does not provide the right place for physical and human resources in an organisation, which principle is violated? provides us with a brief introduction to the concepts. Science, not rule of thumb: In this principle Taylor laid emphasis on focusing on following management practices that are scientific in nature, and not deciding by rule of thumb. 2. NCERT is on the priority list of recommendation of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). The above four roles were working under the planning supervisor. b. It will improve productivity. Following principles of management were violated: i. 5. PDF download free. The purpose was to eliminate the unproductive employee and reduce instances of incidental workers. It helped this to grow as a discipline and such principles also offer basis on which further research programs can be carried out to develop new methods and techniques. BussinessStudiesI. CBSE NCERT Solution for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 : Principles of Management – All Questions Answered. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies: Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Solutions teaches you fundamental ideas and concepts of business. NCERT Textbook Solutions for Class 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th.Facing problem while solving out NCERT Books then it is the best place for you. CBSE Notes. Workers in return should do their best in order to develop the organisation. 4. v. Team work and coordination among workers should be promoted for organisational development. Following such practice will result in a balanced result and improves efficiency and cost. 3. Whereas decentralisation is shifting the authority to middle and lower levels of management. In order to keep its market share in the short run the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. Download NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies Free PDF Chapter wise. The workers who performed better were given higher wages than workers who performed below the standard. This page provides a complete solution for all Chapters of Class 12th Business Studies. In other words, the right people at the right place and at the right time. NCERT Solutions for Class 12-commerce Business Studies CBSE, 2 Principles of Management. It is cooperation, not individualism which is the extension of the ‘principle harmony, not discord’. 1. (b) Motion Study: This study was based on movements that needed to be taken while performing a task. In addition to reducing labour and machine cost. Division of Work (employees made to work on more than one product), iii. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies. All the question answers are well explained and based on CBSE board. Access NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies Chapter 2 – Forms of Business Organisation. Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 - Organising solved by expert teachers on CoolGyan as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. 1. CBSE Guide Principles of Management class 12 Notes Business Studies CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. Time and Cost Clerk: His role was to prepare the time and costs sheet, 4. Helps in achieving organisations goals, Long Answer Questions NCERT Business Studies Solutions Class 12 Chapter 2. Only one superior should be there to provide instruction to subordinates in order for smooth functioning. a. Here are three principles of scientific management. You can view them online or download PDF file for future use. Taylor termed this as mental revolution and suggested that it will improve harmony and propel the resources to work towards common goals of the organisation. Class 12, Business Studies chapter 2, Principles Of Management solutions are given below in PDF format. NCERT Solution for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 - Principles of Management is encompassed with all the questions provided in NCERT Books for 12th Class Business Studies subject. All Chapter wise Questions with Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks in your examinations. Discuss the following techniques of Scientific Work Study: (e) Simplification and standardisation of work. The above mentioned are the illustrations for the Class 12 CBSE syllabus. NCERT Class 12th Business Studies Solutions are precise to the point, making the exam preparation easy for you. Workers were feeling cheated and initiative was declining. iii. (Further information related to the above question 7) The management of company ‘Bhasin Limited now realised its folly. (e) Standardisation and Simplification of Work: Standardisation is based on the scientific management techniques. According to Indian Law, a person of 18 years age is said to be a minor. Under this the following roles were present. Unity of command: The workers should be reporting to only one superior. The NCERT Solutions to the questions after every unit of NCERT textbooks aimed at helping students solving difficult questions. It is a classical theory of management which focused on ways of getting work done in the best way possible to increase efficiency and effectiveness in work. Management shall respond to the needs of the workers and in a similar way, the workers should respond back by giving their best for the organisation. Part A & B: Principles and Functions of Management & Business … Long working hours at the organisation. Did you find NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies chapter 2 Principles Of Management helpful? The workers were becoming undisciplined. Compare the status of a minor in a Joint Hindu Family Business with that in a partnership firm. 5. It states that there should be right arrangement of resources. Developed or skilled workers will be in a better position to help an organisation grow. A production manager at top level in a resulted corporate, Mr. Rathore holds the responsibility for ordering raw material for the firm. All questions have been solved in a step by step manner to you give better understanding of key concepts of Business Studies in NCERT Class 12. Also please like, and share it with your friends! Unity of Command (employees working under more than one superior), ii. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies are given for the students so that they can get to know the answers to the questions in case they are not able to find it.It is important for all the students who are in Class 12 currently. (a) Time Study: This study determines the standard time which is required in order to perform a job. (c) Fatigue Study: Fatigue study was for determining the amount and frequency of rest taken during the completion of a designated task. Gang plank is an alternative route which is used in case of emergencies. Here you will find Chapter Wise NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 12 Business Studies with Answers PDF Free Download based on the important concepts and topics given in the textbook. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. Number of workers required to perform the task, 2. d. Different other methods should be introduced apart from work study. Harmony, not Discord: This principle states that there should be a harmonious work environment between the managers and workers. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. 3. ‘Bhasin’ limited was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. NCERT CBSE latest book edition solutions. State any three of its principles. It helps in development of an organisation by improving effectiveness and efficiency with minimum use of resources and cost. BussinessStudiesII This time would then be set as the standard time for the job completion. Also with more people working the market for processed food was increasing. Do you think that introduction of scientific management as recommended by Mukti consultants will result in intended outcome? Such principles are not used as it is described but managers can take guidance from these and determine how to confront a situation. 1. Chapter 1 Nature and Purpose of Business; Chapter 2 Forms of Business Organisation We have large questions and answers guide from where you can easily solve your problem. Free PDF Download of CBSE Business Studies Multiple Choice Questions for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 1 Nature and Significance of Management. The basic premise of this concept is that both the worker and the manager should understand their importance in a organisation and both of them should work towards achieving a common goal for the organisation. 2. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 provides a broad degree of illustrative examples; which helps the students to comprehend and learn quickly. Ans: Controlling refers to the function of evaluating and assessing the progress of the work done.It involves setting a specific criteria or standards for the work and then comparing the actual work with the set standards. Its main aim is to shorten the communication route. 2. Management should be taking care of the needs of its workers and periodically share the benefits in form of incentives or bonuses to keep them motivated. NCERT solutions for Class 12 prepared by the experienced teachers will be like a companion for a student in his journey of learning. You can also check out NCERT Solutions of other classes here. All exercise questions with solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. It was expected that the changes will bring about a radical transformation in the working of the company and it will regain its pristine glory. Q 5. In such a situation the principle that is violated is the principle of order. c. What steps should the company management take in relation to the above principles to restore the company to its past glory? 3. Taylor used the system of Differential Piece Wage System under which wages for workers was determined using a set standard. It will promote harmony among the workers. Delay in completing work will result in loss for the company. b. f. Initiative: As per this principle, workers should be motivated and provided incentives. Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 3 - Business Environment solved by expert teachers on CoolGyan as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. Here, you will find all the chapter-wise NCERT solutions for Class 12 Business Studies. NCERT Solutions for class 12 Commerce Business Studies solved by subject matter experts. What are the positive impacts of following the above identified principle? Physics is concerned with the study of matter and its movement through space and time. Download the NCERT Solutions app for quick access to NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 Principles Of Management. The equality should be based on religion, caste, creed etc. According to his observation, it is not possible for a single worker to be expert in every aspect of production, therefore he suggested that eight persons should be performing the duties of a foreman and therefore this came to be known as functional foremanship. The positive impacts of this principle are: 1. PDF Free Download. 2. 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CBSE NCERT Solution for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 : Organising – All Questions Answered Multiple Choice Questions Question 1. If yes, please comment below. Explain the technique of ‘Functional Foremanship’ and the concept of ‘Mental Revolution’ as enunciated by Taylor. NCERT Solutions for Business Studies Subject for Class 11 Students are given here. Unity of command is a principle of management that a person should be answerable to only one of his superiors. Scientific management is the use of tools and techniques and personnel specialised to carry out the task for achieving quality and cost reduction. You can also watch the video solutions of NCERT Class12 Business Studies chapter 2 Principles Of Management here. How is the principle of ‘Unity of Command’ useful to management? Thus, a manager has to assess the situation and then determine the best solution to the issue at hand. 1. After you have studied lesson, you must be looking for answers of its questions. As these principles have industry wide applicability and being based on human behaviour provides insight between human and material resources. e. Centralisation and Decentralisation: Centralisation is the concentration of power or authority in hands of selected people in an organisation. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies Chapter 2 provided. For this study Taylor along with his assistant Frank Gilbreth studied the movements of a worker and then categorised the same into three classes productive, incidental and unproductive. Functional foremanship is a extension to the principle of division of labour. In this case, Mr. Rathore has violated the principle of Subordination of individual interest to general interest. Lately the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Explain the principle of ‘Scalar Chain’ and gang plank. Thus, we can say mental revolution is based on the mutual trust and cooperation among the managers and workers which can bring about great changes in an organisation. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Chapter 3 Social Institutions: Continuity and Change, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Chapter 4 The Market as a Social Institution, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Chapter 5 Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Chapter 6 The Challenges of Cultural Diversity, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Chapter 2 The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 English – Kaliedoscope, Vistas, Flamingo, Click here to buy NCERT Book for Class 12 Business Studies. Identify the Principles of Management (out of 14 given by Henry Fayol) that were being violated by the company. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Employees feel they are a part of the organisation, 4. What is Principle? The more they are at good terms with each other, more will be the performance of the organisation. 1. c. Discipline: Organisation should be following rules and regulations and it should be followed by both worker and management. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wastage. Repair boss: Was responsible to keep machines and tools in proper working condition. It will help you stay updated with relevant study material to help you top your class! Scalar chains can be defined as the formal chain of authority that follows a straight line from highest to lowest rank. Equity: This principle focuses on treating all the employees equally. NCERT Business Studies Solutions 2021 for 12th Class Pdf Chapter Wise Helps Students Prepare and eventually adjust to the Increased load of Chapters and Topics, by Clearing their Doubts from the very basics.NCERT 12th Business Studies Solutions 2021 Providing the Download Latest Edition you can Download Pdf Format. Students can download for free at BYJU'S. Students can download the complete NCERT solutions for class 12th Business Studies in the full PDF format. NCERT Solutions for Class 12. Free downloadable chapter wise NCERT solutions for class 12 Commerce Business Studies in PDF format to help students in homework and score good marks in … Management principles are varied and not one rule can be applied for all cases. Causes of fatigue that creates hindrance in performance of employees are: 1. – It reflects to a statement that reflects the fundamental verity about some factor based on cause and effect kinship. e. Standardisation techniques can be used in case of different aspects of production. Route Clerk: His role was to specify the route of production, 3. A worker without rest will be unable to perform to his full capacity. Following this approach helps in carrying out the tasks effortlessly. Click on the class number below to go to relevant NCERT Solutions of Class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. NCERT Solutions for Class 12th Business Studies is provided here. While deciding on the supplier for the financial year 2017-18, he gave the order to his cousin at a higher price per unit instead of the firm’s usual supplier who was willing to lower the rates for the order. In order to rectify the situation, it appointed a management consultant ‘Mukti Consultants- to recommend a restructure plan to bring the company back on the rails. Download Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Solutions in pdf free. Mukti Consultants scientific management techniques will be helpful for the organisation. NCERT solutions, Chapter’s summary, study material, English and Hindi medium, Very Short Answers – One mark questions, Short Answers – 3/4 marks questions and Long answers – 5/6 marks questions with their answers. Name the principle that is an extension of the ‘harmony, not discord’. Download Official ncert.nic.in Business Studies Class 12 NCERT textbook below. 4. The 11th grade is an important milestone because it lays the foundation for your final board exams the next year. Time study was undertaken to determine a standard time that is required to complete a designated job. OBJECTIVES OF NCERT/CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies All the solutions are covered chapter-wise and all the 13 chapters have been covered completely. Determine the costs associated with hiring such workers (i.e. For e.g. NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies Principles and Functions of Management Chapter 2 Principles of Management Class 12 Multiple choice questions Page Number : 67 Question 1 : Principles of management are NOT (a) Universal (b) Flexible (c) Absolute (d) Behavioural Solution : Management principles are relative rather than absolute. Multiple readings are taken to arrive at a standard time for a particular task. (The above changes should be introduced apart from the steps recommended as an answer to Part c – case problem 7 above.). Class 12: BusinessStudies. Espirit de corps (workers lacked spirit of team work), v. Initiative (workers were not feeling like taking initiative). What makes principles of management flexible? Which technique is used by Taylor for distinguishing efficient and inefficient workers? Scientific management is a theory of management that was developed by Frederick Taylor in 1911. ‘Mukti Consultants undertook a study of the production process at the plant of the company Bhasin Limited and recommended the following changes —. Short Questions for NCERT Business Studies Solutions Class 11 Chapter 2. The work standards should be jointly determined by them, it will increase the level of involvement and more productive results can be achieved. All exercise questions with solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Management principles helps organisations to perform at the best of its capacity or in other words, ensures optimum utilisation of the available resources. a. Name the principle that is an extension of the ‘harmony, not discord’. It will help you to understand the subject and perform well in … What precautions should the company undertake to implement the changes? Solutions are prepared adhering to the Latest CBSE Guidelines. Your email address will not be published. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company, previously was beginning to wane. It can be used in various scenarios and the decisions which are taken by managers will be backed by facts and logic which makes it more applicable. We have also tried to provide you a list of previous years solved problems so as … BST Class 12 Case studies: You already know that as per new pattern , questions based on case study can be asked in exam .These type of questions are introduced to check students ability to understand and apply his/her knowledge to given situation . d. Order: There should be order in the work being done. • The company should introduce scientific management with regard to production. Here on AglaSem Schools, you can access to NCERT Book Solutions in free pdf for Business Studies for Class 12 so that you can refer them as and when required. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies is given below in PDF form updated for new academic session 2020-2021. You can download the NCERT Book for Class 12 Business Studies in PDF format for free. Actually the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure. Multiple Choice Questions Question 1. (d) Method Study: The objective of this study is to find the best method of completing a particular work. Scientific management should be applied. Hence, these principles guide the managers in tackling real world problems easily. Cooperation, not individualism: As per this principle, the managers and workers should cooperate each other in completing the activities. NCERT Business Studies Solutions 2021 for Class 12 are Prepared by … Define Scientific Management. It also determines standards of performance for both man and machines. 1. The workers should feel that they are a part of the organisation and their contributions are very much essential for the organisation to grow. Wales Limited followed the principle of ‘Stability of Personnel’.6. 3. iv. Now the other four persons who work under the production supervisor are: 1. You can also download here the NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies chapter 2 Principles Of Management in PDF format. Class 12 Business Studies notes on chapter 2 Principles of Management are also available for download in CBSE Guide website. Free Chapter wise NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies by Extramarks allow students to understand a tough topic with an easier explanation. Due to increased pressure of work the efficiency of the workers declined. By providing insight into real word business cases they help managers in decision making. • Production Planning including routing, scheduling, dispatching and feedback should be implemented. Here you can get complete NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 Principles Of Management. 8. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 Principles Of Management – Here are all the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2. It can be motion study, method study, time and fatigue study. Otherwise you can also buy it easily online. b. Business Studies MCQs for Class 12 Chapter Wise with Answers PDF Download was Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. For this reason, management principles are flexible. Simplification helps in optimum uses of the resources and removes unnecessary costs for the organisation. Principles are the foundation of management education. Class 12 Business Studies Notes Chapter 2 Principles of Management. Take a closer look at the chapters in this NCERT book for Class 12 Business Studies to understand what each chapter has to offer in terms of knowledge and information. Employees should be hired in a scientific manner which will put the best employee suited for a role as per the capability. 4. What makes principles of management flexible? Required fields are marked *. Get chapter wise solutions. Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies Chapter 2 - Forms of Business Organisation solved by expert teachers on Vedantu.com as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. Chapter 1 Nature and Significance of Management. To increase competitiveness an organisation can announce incentives in order to build competitiveness among workers. Explain the Principles of Scientific management given by Taylor. Explain any four points regarding significance of Principles of Management. b. It will improve the quality and quantity of the product with reduction in costs. State any two causes of fatigue that may create hindrance in the employee’s performance. Next Prev Home. 1. Harmony in working environment and a good office culture, 3. Explain these principles in brief. Discuss the relevance of Taylor and Fayol’s contribution in the contemporary business environment. Explain briefly. It was suggested by Taylor. Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. (a) Accountability (b) Authority (c) Responsibility (d) Informal organisation Answer (d) Informal organisation is not an element of delegation. It helps managers in making decisions which are devoid of personal bias. It was conceptualised by Frederick Taylor in 1911. Standard XII Business Studies NCERT Books are in easy to understand language with the basics and fundamentals explanation on all chapters and topics. NCERT Solutions are contemplated as an extraordinarily helpful book while preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies examinations. to download NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies chapter 2 Principles Of Management. 4. 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